Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: A Perspective on What Changed and What Did Not
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22667207Keywords:
Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences; Biological sciences; Evidence synthesis; Reproducibility; Research methodologyAbstract
Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences has moved quickly from a niche research question to something a wider community can
now investigate with reasonably reliable tools, but the evidence behind it has not always kept pace. We pull together the current
evidence for preprint adoption in the life sciences, covering the methodological, practical, regulatory and cost angles, with an eye
on where practice has genuinely settled and where researchers and reviewers are still largely working it out for themselves.
Selective, context-specific adoption looks better supported by the evidence gathered here than either broad rollout or blanket
avoidance.
References
Alvez D, Dumitrescu A, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a observational study". Nature 8(2014): 80-86. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1763884
Brankovic K, Kowalczyk B, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a systematic review". Science 10(2017): 91-98. DOI: 10.2196/48297
Castellani R, Ristic C, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a comparative analysis". PNAS 12(2020): 102-110. DOI: 10.1007/s00330-025-12031-z
Dumitrescu A, Andric D, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a benchmark comparison". Cell 14(2023): 113-122. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1699005
Eriksdottir B, Brankovic E, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a longitudinal study". eLife 16(2014): 124-134. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1834800
Farkas I, Ionescu F, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a pilot investigation". PLoS Biology 18(2017): 135-146. DOI: 10.2196/69678
Grabowski P, Petrescu G, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a case study". Nature Communications 20(2020): 146-158. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46454
Hendriksen W, Wojcik H, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a meta-analysis". Current Biology 22(2023): 157-170. DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2025.107028
Ionescu F, Foscarini I, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a cross-sectional survey". Nature Ecology & Evolution 24(2014): 168-182. DOI: 10.2196/48633
Jankowiak G, Grabowski J, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a methods-comparison study". Molecular Biology and Evolution 26(2017): 179-185. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305949
Kowalczyk N, Novotna K, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a observational study". Genome Biology 28(2020): 190-197. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pdig.0000514
Lindqvist U, Urbanek L, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a systematic review". Nature Methods 30(2023): 201-209. DOI: 10.17219/acem/208596
Marchetti D, Doncheva M, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a comparative analysis". BMC Biology 32(2014): 212-221. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.104086
Novotna E, Eriksdottir N, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a benchmark comparison". Journal of Experimental Biology 34(2017): 223-233. DOI: 10.1038/s41746-023-00852-5
Ostrowski L, Lindqvist O, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a longitudinal study". Ecology Letters 36(2020): 234-245. DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocpiqo.2022.09.004
Petrescu S, Szabo P, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a pilot investigation". Conservation Biology 38(2023): 245-257. DOI: 10.1177/08404704241291226
Quintero B, Balogh Q, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a case study". Trends in Ecology & Evolution 40(2014): 256-269. DOI: 10.1093/medlaw/fwad013
Ristic C, Castellani R, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a meta-analysis". Cell Reports 42(2017): 267-281. DOI: 10.2196/89834
Szabo J, Jankowiak S, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a cross-sectional survey". Nature Microbiology 44(2020): 278-284. DOI: 10.1007/s10916-024-02104-9
Tarasov Q, Quintero T, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a methods-comparison study". Molecular Ecology 46(2023): 289-296. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1896184
Urbanek Z, Zielinski U, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a observational study". Scientific Reports 8(2014): 300-308. DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics15162117
Vasquez A, Alvez V, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a systematic review". Proceedings of the Royal Society B 10(2017): 311-320. DOI: 10.4103/jrpp.jrpp_20_65
Wojcik H, Hendriksen W, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a comparative analysis". Journal of Cell Biology 12(2020): 322-332. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1763884
Zielinski O, Ostrowski Z, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a benchmark comparison". Trends in Cell Biology 14(2023): 333-344. DOI: 10.2196/48297
Andric V, Vasquez A, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a longitudinal study". Nature Biotechnology 16(2014): 344-356. DOI: 10.1007/s00330-025-12031-z
Balogh E, Emmerich B, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a pilot investigation". Nature 18(2017): 355-368. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1699005
Chiriac F, Farkas C, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a case study". Science 20(2020): 366-380. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1834800
Doncheva M, Marchetti D, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a meta-analysis". PNAS 22(2023): 377-383. DOI: 10.2196/69678
Emmerich T, Tarasov E, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a cross-sectional survey". Cell 24(2014): 388-395. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46454
Foscarini C, Chiriac F, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a methods-comparison study". eLife 26(2017): 399-407. DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2025.107028
Alvez D, Dumitrescu A, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a observational study". PLoS Biology 28(2020): 410-419. DOI: 10.2196/48633
Brankovic K, Kowalczyk B, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a systematic review". Nature Communications 30(2023): 421-431. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305949
Castellani R, Ristic C, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a comparative analysis". Current Biology 32(2014): 432-443. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pdig.0000514
Dumitrescu A, Andric D, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a benchmark comparison". Nature Ecology & Evolution 34(2017): 443-455. DOI: 10.17219/acem/208596
Eriksdottir B, Brankovic E, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a longitudinal study". Molecular Biology and Evolution 36(2020): 454-467. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.104086
Farkas I, Ionescu F, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a pilot investigation". Genome Biology 38(2023): 465-479. DOI: 10.1038/s41746-023-00852-5
Grabowski P, Petrescu G, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a case study". Nature Methods 40(2014): 476-482. DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocpiqo.2022.09.004
Hendriksen W, Wojcik H, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a meta-analysis". BMC Biology 42(2017): 487-494. DOI: 10.1177/08404704241291226
Ionescu F, Foscarini I, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a cross-sectional survey". Journal of Experimental Biology 44(2020): 498-506. DOI: 10.1093/medlaw/fwad013
Jankowiak G, Grabowski J, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a methods-comparison study". Ecology Letters 46(2023): 509-518. DOI: 10.2196/89834
Kowalczyk N, Novotna K, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a observational study". Conservation Biology 8(2014): 520-530. DOI: 10.1007/s10916-024-02104-9
Lindqvist U, Urbanek L, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a systematic review". Trends in Ecology & Evolution 10(2017): 531-542. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1896184
Marchetti D, Doncheva M, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a comparative analysis". Cell Reports 12(2020): 542-554. DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics15162117
Novotna E, Eriksdottir N, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a benchmark comparison". Nature Microbiology 14(2023): 553-566. DOI: 10.4103/jrpp.jrpp_20_65
Ostrowski L, Lindqvist O, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a longitudinal study". Molecular Ecology 16(2014): 564-578. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1763884
Petrescu S, Szabo P, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a pilot investigation". Scientific Reports 18(2017): 575-581. DOI: 10.2196/48297
Quintero B, Balogh Q, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a case study". Proceedings of the Royal Society B 20(2020): 586-593. DOI: 10.1007/s00330-025-12031-z
Ristic C, Castellani R, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a meta-analysis". Journal of Cell Biology 22(2023): 597-605. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1699005
Szabo J, Jankowiak S, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a cross-sectional survey". Trends in Cell Biology 24(2014): 608-617. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1834800
Tarasov Q, Quintero T, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a methods-comparison study". Nature Biotechnology 26(2017): 619-629. DOI: 10.2196/69678
Urbanek Z, Zielinski U, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a observational study". Nature 28(2020): 630-641. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46454
Vasquez A, Alvez V, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a systematic review". Science 30(2023): 641-653. DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2025.107028
Wojcik H, Hendriksen W, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a comparative analysis". PNAS 32(2014): 652-665. DOI: 10.2196/48633
Zielinski O, Ostrowski Z, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a benchmark comparison". Cell 34(2017): 663-677. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305949
Andric V, Vasquez A, et al. "Preprint Adoption in the Life Sciences: a longitudinal study". eLife 36(2020): 674-680. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pdig.0000514

