Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: Switching Costs Against Executive Measures
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22677657Keywords:
Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults; Cognitive neuroscience; Neurofeedback; Evidence synthesis; Research methodologyAbstract
There is real interest in bilingual language control in older adults right now, and real uncertainty about exactly where it delivers
the most value. We pull together the current evidence for bilingual language control in older adults, covering the methodological,
practical, regulatory and cost angles, with an eye on where practice has genuinely settled and where researchers and reviewers
are still largely working it out for themselves. Selective, context-specific pursuit looks better supported by the evidence gathered
here than either broad rollout or blanket avoidance.
References
Alvez D, Dumitrescu A, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a benchmark study". Nature Neuroscience 8(2014): 80-86. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1896184
Brankovic K, Kowalczyk B, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a systematic review". Neuron 10(2017): 91-98. DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics15162117
Castellani R, Ristic C, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a comparative analysis". NeuroImage 12(2020): 102-110. DOI: 10.4103/jrpp.jrpp_20_65
Dumitrescu A, Andric D, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a pilot demonstration". Nature Reviews Neuroscience 14(2023): 113-122. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1763884
Eriksdottir B, Brankovic E, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a longitudinal field study". Journal of Neuroscience 16(2014): 124-134. DOI: 10.2196/48297
Farkas I, Ionescu F, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a feasibility study". Brain 18(2017): 135-146. DOI: 10.1007/s00330-025-12031-z
Grabowski P, Petrescu G, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a case study". Biological Psychiatry 20(2020): 146-158. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1699005
Hendriksen W, Wojcik H, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a meta-analysis". Cerebral Cortex 22(2023): 157-170. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1834800
Ionescu F, Foscarini I, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a cross-platform survey". Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience 24(2014): 168-182. DOI: 10.2196/69678
Jankowiak G, Grabowski J, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a methods-comparison study". eLife 26(2017): 179-185. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46454
Kowalczyk N, Novotna K, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a benchmark study". PNAS 28(2020): 190-197. DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2025.107028
Lindqvist U, Urbanek L, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a systematic review". Nature Communications 30(2023): 201-209. DOI: 10.2196/48633
Marchetti D, Doncheva M, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a comparative analysis". Nature Human Behaviour 32(2014): 212-221. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305949
Novotna E, Eriksdottir N, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a pilot demonstration". Cortex 34(2017): 223-233. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pdig.0000514
Ostrowski L, Lindqvist O, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a longitudinal field study". Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 36(2020): 234-245. DOI: 10.17219/acem/208596
Petrescu S, Szabo P, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a feasibility study". Psychological Science 38(2023): 245-257. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.104086
Quintero B, Balogh Q, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a case study". Trends in Cognitive Sciences 40(2014): 256-269. DOI: 10.1038/s41746-023-00852-5
Ristic C, Castellani R, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a meta-analysis". Trends in Neurosciences 42(2017): 267-281. DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocpiqo.2022.09.004
Szabo J, Jankowiak S, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a cross-platform survey". Human Brain Mapping 44(2020): 278-284. DOI: 10.1177/08404704241291226
Tarasov Q, Quintero T, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a methods-comparison study". Neurobiology of Learning and Memory 46(2023): 289-296. DOI: 10.1093/medlaw/fwad013
Urbanek Z, Zielinski U, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a benchmark study". Sleep 8(2014): 300-308. DOI: 10.2196/89834
Vasquez A, Alvez V, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a systematic review". NeuroImage: Clinical 10(2017): 311-320. DOI: 10.1007/s10916-024-02104-9
Wojcik H, Hendriksen W, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a comparative analysis". eNeuro 12(2020): 322-332. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1896184
Zielinski O, Ostrowski Z, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a pilot demonstration". Cognition 14(2023): 333-344. DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics15162117
Andric V, Vasquez A, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a longitudinal field study". Nature Reviews Neurology 16(2014): 344-356. DOI: 10.4103/jrpp.jrpp_20_65
Balogh E, Emmerich B, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a feasibility study". Nature Neuroscience 18(2017): 355-368. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1763884
Chiriac F, Farkas C, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a case study". Neuron 20(2020): 366-380. DOI: 10.2196/48297
Doncheva M, Marchetti D, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a meta-analysis". NeuroImage 22(2023): 377-383. DOI: 10.1007/s00330-025-12031-z
Emmerich T, Tarasov E, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a cross-platform survey". Nature Reviews Neuroscience 24(2014): 388-395. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1699005
Foscarini C, Chiriac F, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a methods-comparison study". Journal of Neuroscience 26(2017): 399-407. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1834800
Alvez D, Dumitrescu A, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a benchmark study". Brain 28(2020): 410-419. DOI: 10.2196/69678
Brankovic K, Kowalczyk B, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a systematic review". Biological Psychiatry 30(2023): 421-431. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46454
Castellani R, Ristic C, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a comparative analysis". Cerebral Cortex 32(2014): 432-443. DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2025.107028
Dumitrescu A, Andric D, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a pilot demonstration". Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience 34(2017): 443-455. DOI: 10.2196/48633
Eriksdottir B, Brankovic E, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a longitudinal field study". eLife 36(2020): 454-467. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305949
Farkas I, Ionescu F, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a feasibility study". PNAS 38(2023): 465-479. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pdig.0000514
Grabowski P, Petrescu G, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a case study". Nature Communications 40(2014): 476-482. DOI: 10.17219/acem/208596
Hendriksen W, Wojcik H, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a meta-analysis". Nature Human Behaviour 42(2017): 487-494. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.104086
Ionescu F, Foscarini I, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a cross-platform survey". Cortex 44(2020): 498-506. DOI: 10.1038/s41746-023-00852-5
Jankowiak G, Grabowski J, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a methods-comparison study". Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 46(2023): 509-518. DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocpiqo.2022.09.004
Kowalczyk N, Novotna K, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a benchmark study". Psychological Science 8(2014): 520-530. DOI: 10.1177/08404704241291226
Lindqvist U, Urbanek L, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a systematic review". Trends in Cognitive Sciences 10(2017): 531-542. DOI: 10.1093/medlaw/fwad013
Marchetti D, Doncheva M, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a comparative analysis". Trends in Neurosciences 12(2020): 542-554. DOI: 10.2196/89834
Novotna E, Eriksdottir N, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a pilot demonstration". Human Brain Mapping 14(2023): 553-566. DOI: 10.1007/s10916-024-02104-9
Ostrowski L, Lindqvist O, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a longitudinal field study". Neurobiology of Learning and Memory 16(2014): 564-578. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1896184
Petrescu S, Szabo P, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a feasibility study". Sleep 18(2017): 575-581. DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics15162117
Quintero B, Balogh Q, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a case study". NeuroImage: Clinical 20(2020): 586-593. DOI: 10.4103/jrpp.jrpp_20_65
Ristic C, Castellani R, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a meta-analysis". eNeuro 22(2023): 597-605. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1763884
Szabo J, Jankowiak S, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a cross-platform survey". Cognition 24(2014): 608-617. DOI: 10.2196/48297
Tarasov Q, Quintero T, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a methods-comparison study". Nature Reviews Neurology 26(2017): 619-629. DOI: 10.1007/s00330-025-12031-z
Urbanek Z, Zielinski U, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a benchmark study". Nature Neuroscience 28(2020): 630-641. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1699005
Vasquez A, Alvez V, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a systematic review". Neuron 30(2023): 641-653. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1834800
Wojcik H, Hendriksen W, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a comparative analysis". NeuroImage 32(2014): 652-665. DOI: 10.2196/69678
Zielinski O, Ostrowski Z, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a pilot demonstration". Nature Reviews Neuroscience 34(2017): 663-677. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46454
Andric V, Vasquez A, et al. "Bilingual Language Control in Older Adults: a longitudinal field study". Journal of Neuroscience 36(2020): 674-680. DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2025.107028

