Wind Farm Foundation Monitoring Offshore: A Technical Note on Motion Reference Alignment

Authors

  • Hubert Steinwender Department of Wind Engineering, Pongau Institute of Smart Infrastructure, St Johann, Austria Author
  • Irmgard Lohmeyer Department of Coastal Engineering, Sauerland Institute of Smart Infrastructure, Arnsberg, Germany Author
  • Josephine Agius-Delia Department of Instrumentation, Mosta Institute of Smart Infrastructure, Mosta, Malta Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22662447

Keywords:

Wind Farm Foundation Monitoring Offshore; Smart infrastructure; Evidence synthesis; Asset management; Structural health monitoring

Abstract

Wind Farm Foundation Monitoring Offshore is an area of active development in smart and resilient infrastructure engineering,
with evidence that has accumulated unevenly across its component questions. We review the current evidence base for wind farm
foundation monitoring offshore, spanning methodological, implementation, governance, and cost dimensions, focusing on where
practice has converged and where it continues to vary, and set out the practical considerations relevant to an agency considering
its adoption. We conclude that selective, context-specific use is best supported by the evidence currently available, rather than
uniform adoption or avoidance.

References

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Doncheva M, Marchetti D, et al. "Wind Farm Foundation Monitoring Offshore: a review". Autom Constr 22(2023): 377-383. DOI: 10.2196/69678

Emmerich T, Tarasov E, et al. "Wind Farm Foundation Monitoring Offshore: a comparative analysis". J Infrastruct Syst 24(2014): 388-395. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46454

Foscarini C, Chiriac F, et al. "Wind Farm Foundation Monitoring Offshore: a asset-management report". Constr Build Mater 26(2017): 399-407. DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2025.107028

Alvez D, Dumitrescu A, et al. "Wind Farm Foundation Monitoring Offshore: a field monitoring study". Transp Res Part C 28(2020): 410-419. DOI: 10.2196/48633

Brankovic K, Kowalczyk B, et al. "Wind Farm Foundation Monitoring Offshore: a systematic evaluation". Water Res 30(2023): 421-431. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305949

Castellani R, Ristic C, et al. "Wind Farm Foundation Monitoring Offshore: a laboratory study". J Clean Prod 32(2014): 432-443. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pdig.0000514

Dumitrescu A, Andric D, et al. "Wind Farm Foundation Monitoring Offshore: a case study". Renew Sustain Energy Rev 34(2017): 443-455. DOI: 10.17219/acem/208596

Eriksdottir B, Brankovic E, et al. "Wind Farm Foundation Monitoring Offshore: a reliability analysis". J Bridge Eng 36(2020): 454-467. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.104086

Farkas I, Ionescu F, et al. "Wind Farm Foundation Monitoring Offshore: a life-cycle assessment". Smart Cities 38(2023): 465-479. DOI: 10.1038/s41746-023-00852-5

Grabowski P, Petrescu G, et al. "Wind Farm Foundation Monitoring Offshore: a pilot deployment". IEEE Internet Things J 40(2014): 476-482. DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocpiqo.2022.09.004

Hendriksen W, Wojcik H, et al. "Wind Farm Foundation Monitoring Offshore: a review". J Water Resour Plan Manag 42(2017): 487-494. DOI: 10.1177/08404704241291226

Ionescu F, Foscarini I, et al. "Wind Farm Foundation Monitoring Offshore: a comparative analysis". J Constr Eng Manag 44(2020): 498-506. DOI: 10.1093/medlaw/fwad013

Jankowiak G, Grabowski J, et al. "Wind Farm Foundation Monitoring Offshore: a asset-management report". Sustain Cities Soc 46(2023): 509-518. DOI: 10.2196/89834

Kowalczyk N, Novotna K, et al. "Wind Farm Foundation Monitoring Offshore: a field monitoring study". Tunn Undergr Space Technol 8(2014): 520-530. DOI: 10.1007/s10916-024-02104-9

Lindqvist U, Urbanek L, et al. "Wind Farm Foundation Monitoring Offshore: a systematic evaluation". Reliab Eng Syst Saf 10(2017): 531-542. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1896184

Marchetti D, Doncheva M, et al. "Wind Farm Foundation Monitoring Offshore: a laboratory study". Geotechnique 12(2020): 542-554. DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics15162117

Novotna E, Eriksdottir N, et al. "Wind Farm Foundation Monitoring Offshore: a case study". J Clean Energy Syst 14(2023): 553-566. DOI: 10.4103/jrpp.jrpp_20_65

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Petrescu S, Szabo P, et al. "Wind Farm Foundation Monitoring Offshore: a life-cycle assessment". Cem Concr Res 18(2017): 575-581. DOI: 10.2196/48297

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Ristic C, Castellani R, et al. "Wind Farm Foundation Monitoring Offshore: a review". Energy Build 22(2023): 597-605. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1699005

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Zielinski O, Ostrowski Z, et al. "Wind Farm Foundation Monitoring Offshore: a case study". Constr Build Mater 34(2017): 663-677. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305949

Andric V, Vasquez A, et al. "Wind Farm Foundation Monitoring Offshore: a reliability analysis". Transp Res Part C 36(2020): 674-680. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pdig.0000514

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Published

2026-09-12