Cryopreservation of Vegetatively Propagated Germplasm: A Technical Note on Droplet Vitrification

Authors

  • Denise-M Glesener Department of Genetic Resources, Attert Valley Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Redange, Luxembourg Author
  • Jozefien Dhaenens Department of Plant Tissue Culture, Pays des Collines Centre for Plant Genome Engineering, Frasnes, Belgium Author
  • Basilisa Delgado-Ren Department of Plant Physiology, Bajo Aragon Institute of Plant Science, Alcaniz, Spain Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22666998

Keywords:

Cryopreservation of Vegetatively Propagated Germplasm; Agricultural biotechnology; Gene editing; Evidence synthesis; Biosafety regulation

Abstract

Cryopreservation of Vegetatively Propagated Germplasm has moved quickly from a research idea to something a working
breeding or production programme can actually use, but the evidence behind it has not always kept pace. We pull together the
current evidence for cryopreservation of vegetatively propagated germplasm, covering the methodological, practical, regulatory
and cost angles, with an eye on where practice has genuinely settled and where researchers and regulators are still largely
working it out for themselves. Selective, context-specific adoption looks better supported by the evidence gathered here than either
broad rollout or blanket avoidance.

References

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Andric V, Vasquez A, et al. "Cryopreservation of Vegetatively Propagated Germplasm: a multi-generation study". Plant Biotechnol J 16(2014): 344-356. DOI: 10.1007/s10916-024-02104-9

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Doncheva M, Marchetti D, et al. "Cryopreservation of Vegetatively Propagated Germplasm: a meta-analysis". Transgenic Res 22(2023): 377-383. DOI: 10.4103/jrpp.jrpp_20_65

Emmerich T, Tarasov E, et al. "Cryopreservation of Vegetatively Propagated Germplasm: a comparative trial". GM Crops Food 24(2014): 388-395. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1763884

Foscarini C, Chiriac F, et al. "Cryopreservation of Vegetatively Propagated Germplasm: a stakeholder-survey study". Plant Cell Rep 26(2017): 399-407. DOI: 10.2196/48297

Alvez D, Dumitrescu A, et al. "Cryopreservation of Vegetatively Propagated Germplasm: a field trial". Mol Plant 28(2020): 410-419. DOI: 10.1007/s00330-025-12031-z

Brankovic K, Kowalczyk B, et al. "Cryopreservation of Vegetatively Propagated Germplasm: a systematic review". J Exp Bot 30(2023): 421-431. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1699005

Castellani R, Ristic C, et al. "Cryopreservation of Vegetatively Propagated Germplasm: a confined-trial evaluation". Crop Sci 32(2014): 432-443. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1834800

Dumitrescu A, Andric D, et al. "Cryopreservation of Vegetatively Propagated Germplasm: a benchmark comparison". Agron J 34(2017): 443-455. DOI: 10.2196/69678

Eriksdottir B, Brankovic E, et al. "Cryopreservation of Vegetatively Propagated Germplasm: a multi-generation study". Plant Physiol 36(2020): 454-467. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46454

Farkas I, Ionescu F, et al. "Cryopreservation of Vegetatively Propagated Germplasm: a pilot deployment". New Phytol 38(2023): 465-479. DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2025.107028

Grabowski P, Petrescu G, et al. "Cryopreservation of Vegetatively Propagated Germplasm: a case study". Nat Biotechnol 40(2014): 476-482. DOI: 10.2196/48633

Hendriksen W, Wojcik H, et al. "Cryopreservation of Vegetatively Propagated Germplasm: a meta-analysis". Sci Rep 42(2017): 487-494. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305949

Ionescu F, Foscarini I, et al. "Cryopreservation of Vegetatively Propagated Germplasm: a comparative trial". PLoS One 44(2020): 498-506. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pdig.0000514

Jankowiak G, Grabowski J, et al. "Cryopreservation of Vegetatively Propagated Germplasm: a stakeholder-survey study". BMC Plant Biol 46(2023): 509-518. DOI: 10.17219/acem/208596

Kowalczyk N, Novotna K, et al. "Cryopreservation of Vegetatively Propagated Germplasm: a field trial". Biotechnol Adv 8(2014): 520-530. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.104086

Lindqvist U, Urbanek L, et al. "Cryopreservation of Vegetatively Propagated Germplasm: a systematic review". Plant Mol Biol 10(2017): 531-542. DOI: 10.1038/s41746-023-00852-5

Marchetti D, Doncheva M, et al. "Cryopreservation of Vegetatively Propagated Germplasm: a confined-trial evaluation". Field Crops Res 12(2020): 542-554. DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocpiqo.2022.09.004

Novotna E, Eriksdottir N, et al. "Cryopreservation of Vegetatively Propagated Germplasm: a benchmark comparison". Euphytica 14(2023): 553-566. DOI: 10.1177/08404704241291226

Ostrowski L, Lindqvist O, et al. "Cryopreservation of Vegetatively Propagated Germplasm: a multi-generation study". Front Genome Ed 16(2014): 564-578. DOI: 10.1093/medlaw/fwad013

Petrescu S, Szabo P, et al. "Cryopreservation of Vegetatively Propagated Germplasm: a pilot deployment". CRISPR J 18(2017): 575-581. DOI: 10.2196/89834

Quintero B, Balogh Q, et al. "Cryopreservation of Vegetatively Propagated Germplasm: a case study". Plant Cell 20(2020): 586-593. DOI: 10.1007/s10916-024-02104-9

Ristic C, Castellani R, et al. "Cryopreservation of Vegetatively Propagated Germplasm: a meta-analysis". Trends Biotechnol 22(2023): 597-605. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1896184

Szabo J, Jankowiak S, et al. "Cryopreservation of Vegetatively Propagated Germplasm: a comparative trial". Plant Biotechnol J 24(2014): 608-617. DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics15162117

Tarasov Q, Quintero T, et al. "Cryopreservation of Vegetatively Propagated Germplasm: a stakeholder-survey study". Theor Appl Genet 26(2017): 619-629. DOI: 10.4103/jrpp.jrpp_20_65

Urbanek Z, Zielinski U, et al. "Cryopreservation of Vegetatively Propagated Germplasm: a field trial". Front Plant Sci 28(2020): 630-641. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1763884

Vasquez A, Alvez V, et al. "Cryopreservation of Vegetatively Propagated Germplasm: a systematic review". Transgenic Res 30(2023): 641-653. DOI: 10.2196/48297

Wojcik H, Hendriksen W, et al. "Cryopreservation of Vegetatively Propagated Germplasm: a confined-trial evaluation". GM Crops Food 32(2014): 652-665. DOI: 10.1007/s00330-025-12031-z

Zielinski O, Ostrowski Z, et al. "Cryopreservation of Vegetatively Propagated Germplasm: a benchmark comparison". Plant Cell Rep 34(2017): 663-677. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1699005

Andric V, Vasquez A, et al. "Cryopreservation of Vegetatively Propagated Germplasm: a multi-generation study". Mol Plant 36(2020): 674-680. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1834800

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Published

2025-02-28

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Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): Vol 4 Issue 1 2025

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