Downscaling Regional Climate Projections With Neural Emulators: Skill, Bias and Extrapolation Risk

Authors

  • Joris Roelandts Centre for Climate Informatics, Meetjesland Institute of Applied Artificial Intelligence, Eeklo, Belgium Author
  • Maddalena Sbarbaro Centre for Machine Learning Research, Polesine Institute of Data Science, Rovigo, Italy Author
  • Kestutis Petkevicius Department of High Performance Computing, Nemunas Delta Institute of Applied Artificial Intelligence, Silute, Lithuania Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22660738

Keywords:

Downscaling Regional Climate Projections With Neural Emulators; Applied machine learning; Evidence synthesis; Production deployment; MLOps

Abstract

Downscaling Regional Climate Projections With Neural Emulators is an area of active development in applied machine learning,
with evidence that has accumulated unevenly across its component questions. We review the current evidence base for
downscaling regional climate projections with neural emulators, spanning methodological, implementation, governance, and cost
dimensions, focusing on where practice has converged and where it continues to vary, and set out the practical considerations
relevant to a team considering its adoption. We conclude that selective, context-specific use is best supported by the evidence
currently available, rather than uniform adoption or avoidance.

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Alvez D, Dumitrescu A, et al. "Downscaling Regional Climate Projections With Neural Emulators: a benchmark study". Data Min Knowl Discov 28(2020): 410-419. DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics15162117

Brankovic K, Kowalczyk B, et al. "Downscaling Regional Climate Projections With Neural Emulators: a systematic evaluation". Artif Intell 30(2023): 421-431. DOI: 10.4103/jrpp.jrpp_20_65

Castellani R, Ristic C, et al. "Downscaling Regional Climate Projections With Neural Emulators: a empirical analysis". Knowl Based Syst 32(2014): 432-443. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1763884

Dumitrescu A, Andric D, et al. "Downscaling Regional Climate Projections With Neural Emulators: a ablation study". IEEE Trans Neural Netw Learn Syst 34(2017): 443-455. DOI: 10.2196/48297

Eriksdottir B, Brankovic E, et al. "Downscaling Regional Climate Projections With Neural Emulators: a reproducibility study". Proc KDD 36(2020): 454-467. DOI: 10.1007/s00330-025-12031-z

Farkas I, Ionescu F, et al. "Downscaling Regional Climate Projections With Neural Emulators: a large-scale evaluation". Proc AAAI 38(2023): 465-479. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1699005

Grabowski P, Petrescu G, et al. "Downscaling Regional Climate Projections With Neural Emulators: a case study". IEEE Trans Knowl Data Eng 40(2014): 476-482. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1834800

Hendriksen W, Wojcik H, et al. "Downscaling Regional Climate Projections With Neural Emulators: a survey". J Artif Intell Res 42(2017): 487-494. DOI: 10.2196/69678

Ionescu F, Foscarini I, et al. "Downscaling Regional Climate Projections With Neural Emulators: a comparative analysis". ACM Comput Surv 44(2020): 498-506. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46454

Jankowiak G, Grabowski J, et al. "Downscaling Regional Climate Projections With Neural Emulators: a field deployment report". Neural Comput Appl 46(2023): 509-518. DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2025.107028

Kowalczyk N, Novotna K, et al. "Downscaling Regional Climate Projections With Neural Emulators: a benchmark study". Expert Syst Appl 8(2014): 520-530. DOI: 10.2196/48633

Lindqvist U, Urbanek L, et al. "Downscaling Regional Climate Projections With Neural Emulators: a systematic evaluation". Inf Sci 10(2017): 531-542. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305949

Marchetti D, Doncheva M, et al. "Downscaling Regional Climate Projections With Neural Emulators: a empirical analysis". Pattern Recognit 12(2020): 542-554. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pdig.0000514

Novotna E, Eriksdottir N, et al. "Downscaling Regional Climate Projections With Neural Emulators: a ablation study". IEEE Access 14(2023): 553-566. DOI: 10.17219/acem/208596

Ostrowski L, Lindqvist O, et al. "Downscaling Regional Climate Projections With Neural Emulators: a reproducibility study". ACM Trans Softw Eng Methodol 16(2014): 564-578. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.104086

Petrescu S, Szabo P, et al. "Downscaling Regional Climate Projections With Neural Emulators: a large-scale evaluation". Proc MLSys 18(2017): 575-581. DOI: 10.1038/s41746-023-00852-5

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Zielinski O, Ostrowski Z, et al. "Downscaling Regional Climate Projections With Neural Emulators: a ablation study". ACM Trans Intell Syst 34(2017): 663-677. DOI: 10.4103/jrpp.jrpp_20_65

Andric V, Vasquez A, et al. "Downscaling Regional Climate Projections With Neural Emulators: a reproducibility study". Data Min Knowl Discov 36(2020): 674-680. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1763884

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Published

2024-07-17

Issue

Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): vol 3 issue 2 2024

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