Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: A Case Study of Uptake, Trust and Advice Adherence
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22664534Keywords:
Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings; Agro-informatics; Precision agriculture; Evidence synthesis; On-farm technologyAbstract
Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings has moved quickly from a research idea to something a working farm can actually
use, but the evidence behind it has not always kept pace. We pull together the current evidence for digital extension services for
smallholdings, covering the methodological, practical, governance and cost angles, with an eye on where practice has genuinely
settled and where farms and advisors are still largely working it out for themselves. Selective, context-specific adoption looks
better supported by the evidence gathered here than either broad rollout or blanket avoidance.
References
Alvez D, Dumitrescu A, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a field trial". Comput Electron Agric 8(2014): 80-86. DOI: 10.1007/s00330-025-12031-z
Brankovic K, Kowalczyk B, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a systematic review". Precis Agric 10(2017): 91-98. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1699005
Castellani R, Ristic C, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a on-farm evaluation". Agric Syst 12(2020): 102-110. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1834800
Dumitrescu A, Andric D, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a benchmark comparison". Field Crops Res 14(2023): 113-122. DOI: 10.2196/69678
Eriksdottir B, Brankovic E, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a multi-season study". Eur J Agron 16(2014): 124-134. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46454
Farkas I, Ionescu F, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a pilot deployment". Remote Sens Environ 18(2017): 135-146. DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2025.107028
Grabowski P, Petrescu G, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a case study". Biosyst Eng 20(2020): 146-158. DOI: 10.2196/48633
Hendriksen W, Wojcik H, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a meta-analysis". Agric For Meteorol 22(2023): 157-170. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305949
Ionescu F, Foscarini I, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a comparative trial". Front Plant Sci 24(2014): 168-182. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pdig.0000514
Jankowiak G, Grabowski J, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a farmer-survey study". Sensors 26(2017): 179-185. DOI: 10.17219/acem/208596
Kowalczyk N, Novotna K, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a field trial". Smart Agric Technol 28(2020): 190-197. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.104086
Lindqvist U, Urbanek L, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a systematic review". J Agric Sci 30(2023): 201-209. DOI: 10.1038/s41746-023-00852-5
Marchetti D, Doncheva M, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a on-farm evaluation". Agric Water Manag 32(2014): 212-221. DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocpiqo.2022.09.004
Novotna E, Eriksdottir N, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a benchmark comparison". Food Policy 34(2017): 223-233. DOI: 10.1177/08404704241291226
Ostrowski L, Lindqvist O, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a multi-season study". World Dev 36(2020): 234-245. DOI: 10.1093/medlaw/fwad013
Petrescu S, Szabo P, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a pilot deployment". PLoS One 38(2023): 245-257. DOI: 10.2196/89834
Quintero B, Balogh Q, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a case study". Sci Rep 40(2014): 256-269. DOI: 10.1007/s10916-024-02104-9
Ristic C, Castellani R, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a meta-analysis". Nat Food 42(2017): 267-281. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1896184
Szabo J, Jankowiak S, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a comparative trial". Agron J 44(2020): 278-284. DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics15162117
Tarasov Q, Quintero T, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a farmer-survey study". Crop Sci 46(2023): 289-296. DOI: 10.4103/jrpp.jrpp_20_65
Urbanek Z, Zielinski U, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a field trial". Soil Tillage Res 8(2014): 300-308. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1763884
Vasquez A, Alvez V, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a systematic review". Land Use Policy 10(2017): 311-320. DOI: 10.2196/48297
Wojcik H, Hendriksen W, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a on-farm evaluation". Sustainability 12(2020): 322-332. DOI: 10.1007/s00330-025-12031-z
Zielinski O, Ostrowski Z, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a benchmark comparison". Comput Electron Agric 14(2023): 333-344. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1699005
Andric V, Vasquez A, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a multi-season study". Comput Electron Agric 16(2014): 344-356. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1834800
Balogh E, Emmerich B, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a pilot deployment". Precis Agric 18(2017): 355-368. DOI: 10.2196/69678
Chiriac F, Farkas C, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a case study". Agric Syst 20(2020): 366-380. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46454
Doncheva M, Marchetti D, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a meta-analysis". Field Crops Res 22(2023): 377-383. DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2025.107028
Emmerich T, Tarasov E, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a comparative trial". Eur J Agron 24(2014): 388-395. DOI: 10.2196/48633
Foscarini C, Chiriac F, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a farmer-survey study". Remote Sens Environ 26(2017): 399-407. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305949
Alvez D, Dumitrescu A, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a field trial". Biosyst Eng 28(2020): 410-419. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pdig.0000514
Brankovic K, Kowalczyk B, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a systematic review". Agric For Meteorol 30(2023): 421-431. DOI: 10.17219/acem/208596
Castellani R, Ristic C, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a on-farm evaluation". Front Plant Sci 32(2014): 432-443. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.104086
Dumitrescu A, Andric D, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a benchmark comparison". Sensors 34(2017): 443-455. DOI: 10.1038/s41746-023-00852-5
Eriksdottir B, Brankovic E, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a multi-season study". Smart Agric Technol 36(2020): 454-467. DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocpiqo.2022.09.004
Farkas I, Ionescu F, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a pilot deployment". J Agric Sci 38(2023): 465-479. DOI: 10.1177/08404704241291226
Grabowski P, Petrescu G, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a case study". Agric Water Manag 40(2014): 476-482. DOI: 10.1093/medlaw/fwad013
Hendriksen W, Wojcik H, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a meta-analysis". Food Policy 42(2017): 487-494. DOI: 10.2196/89834
Ionescu F, Foscarini I, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a comparative trial". World Dev 44(2020): 498-506. DOI: 10.1007/s10916-024-02104-9
Jankowiak G, Grabowski J, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a farmer-survey study". PLoS One 46(2023): 509-518. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1896184
Kowalczyk N, Novotna K, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a field trial". Sci Rep 8(2014): 520-530. DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics15162117
Lindqvist U, Urbanek L, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a systematic review". Nat Food 10(2017): 531-542. DOI: 10.4103/jrpp.jrpp_20_65
Marchetti D, Doncheva M, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a on-farm evaluation". Agron J 12(2020): 542-554. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1763884
Novotna E, Eriksdottir N, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a benchmark comparison". Crop Sci 14(2023): 553-566. DOI: 10.2196/48297
Ostrowski L, Lindqvist O, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a multi-season study". Soil Tillage Res 16(2014): 564-578. DOI: 10.1007/s00330-025-12031-z
Petrescu S, Szabo P, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a pilot deployment". Land Use Policy 18(2017): 575-581. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1699005
Quintero B, Balogh Q, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a case study". Sustainability 20(2020): 586-593. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1834800
Ristic C, Castellani R, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a meta-analysis". Comput Electron Agric 22(2023): 597-605. DOI: 10.2196/69678
Szabo J, Jankowiak S, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a comparative trial". Comput Electron Agric 24(2014): 608-617. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46454
Tarasov Q, Quintero T, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a farmer-survey study". Precis Agric 26(2017): 619-629. DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2025.107028
Urbanek Z, Zielinski U, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a field trial". Agric Syst 28(2020): 630-641. DOI: 10.2196/48633
Vasquez A, Alvez V, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a systematic review". Field Crops Res 30(2023): 641-653. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305949
Wojcik H, Hendriksen W, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a on-farm evaluation". Eur J Agron 32(2014): 652-665. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pdig.0000514
Zielinski O, Ostrowski Z, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a benchmark comparison". Remote Sens Environ 34(2017): 663-677. DOI: 10.17219/acem/208596
Andric V, Vasquez A, et al. "Digital Extension Services for Smallholdings: a multi-season study". Biosyst Eng 36(2020): 674-680. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.104086

