Virtual Fencing for Extensive Grazing: Pilot Study of Containment, Learning and Welfare Indicators

Authors

  • Reinhard Klingenberg Department of Livestock Systems, Altes Land Institute of Agricultural Data Science, Stade, Germany Author
  • Ghislaine Sauveterre Centre for Animal Welfare, Beauce Institute of Agro-Informatics, Chartres, France Author
  • Eero Leppanen Department of Agricultural Instrumentation, Hame Institute of Agro-Informatics, Forssa, Finland Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22664975

Keywords:

Virtual Fencing for Extensive Grazing; Agro-informatics; Precision agriculture; Evidence synthesis; On-farm technology

Abstract

Virtual Fencing for Extensive Grazing has moved quickly from a research idea to something a working farm can actually use, but
the evidence behind it has not always kept pace. We pull together the current evidence for virtual fencing for extensive grazing,
covering the methodological, practical, governance and cost angles, with an eye on where practice has genuinely settled and
where farms and advisors are still largely working it out for themselves. Selective, context-specific adoption looks better supported
by the evidence gathered here than either broad rollout or blanket avoidance.

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Foscarini C, Chiriac F, et al. "Virtual Fencing for Extensive Grazing: a farmer-survey study". Remote Sens Environ 26(2017): 399-407. DOI: 10.2196/48297

Alvez D, Dumitrescu A, et al. "Virtual Fencing for Extensive Grazing: a field trial". Biosyst Eng 28(2020): 410-419. DOI: 10.1007/s00330-025-12031-z

Brankovic K, Kowalczyk B, et al. "Virtual Fencing for Extensive Grazing: a systematic review". Agric For Meteorol 30(2023): 421-431. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1699005

Castellani R, Ristic C, et al. "Virtual Fencing for Extensive Grazing: a on-farm evaluation". Front Plant Sci 32(2014): 432-443. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1834800

Dumitrescu A, Andric D, et al. "Virtual Fencing for Extensive Grazing: a benchmark comparison". Sensors 34(2017): 443-455. DOI: 10.2196/69678

Eriksdottir B, Brankovic E, et al. "Virtual Fencing for Extensive Grazing: a multi-season study". Smart Agric Technol 36(2020): 454-467. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46454

Farkas I, Ionescu F, et al. "Virtual Fencing for Extensive Grazing: a pilot deployment". J Agric Sci 38(2023): 465-479. DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2025.107028

Grabowski P, Petrescu G, et al. "Virtual Fencing for Extensive Grazing: a case study". Agric Water Manag 40(2014): 476-482. DOI: 10.2196/48633

Hendriksen W, Wojcik H, et al. "Virtual Fencing for Extensive Grazing: a meta-analysis". Food Policy 42(2017): 487-494. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305949

Ionescu F, Foscarini I, et al. "Virtual Fencing for Extensive Grazing: a comparative trial". World Dev 44(2020): 498-506. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pdig.0000514

Jankowiak G, Grabowski J, et al. "Virtual Fencing for Extensive Grazing: a farmer-survey study". PLoS One 46(2023): 509-518. DOI: 10.17219/acem/208596

Kowalczyk N, Novotna K, et al. "Virtual Fencing for Extensive Grazing: a field trial". Sci Rep 8(2014): 520-530. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.104086

Lindqvist U, Urbanek L, et al. "Virtual Fencing for Extensive Grazing: a systematic review". Nat Food 10(2017): 531-542. DOI: 10.1038/s41746-023-00852-5

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Petrescu S, Szabo P, et al. "Virtual Fencing for Extensive Grazing: a pilot deployment". Land Use Policy 18(2017): 575-581. DOI: 10.2196/89834

Quintero B, Balogh Q, et al. "Virtual Fencing for Extensive Grazing: a case study". Sustainability 20(2020): 586-593. DOI: 10.1007/s10916-024-02104-9

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Andric V, Vasquez A, et al. "Virtual Fencing for Extensive Grazing: a multi-season study". Biosyst Eng 36(2020): 674-680. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1834800

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Published

2025-02-10