Digital Twins of Dairy Herds: A Review of What the Model Must Represent to Support Culling Decisions

Authors

  • Menelaos Doropoulos Department of Dairy Science, Kokkinochoria Institute of Agro-Informatics, Paralimni, Cyprus Author
  • Brindusa Enescu-Mar Centre for Crop Modelling, Podisul Centre for Digital Agriculture, Husi, Romania Author
  • Gudbjorg Danielsson Centre for Agricultural Data Science, Fljotsdalur Centre for Digital Agriculture, Egilsstadir, Iceland Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22665015

Keywords:

Digital Twins of Dairy Herds; Agro-informatics; Precision agriculture; Evidence synthesis; On-farm technology

Abstract

Digital Twins of Dairy Herds has moved quickly from a research idea to something a working farm can actually use, but the
evidence behind it has not always kept pace. We pull together the current evidence for digital twins of dairy herds, covering the
methodological, practical, governance and cost angles, with an eye on where practice has genuinely settled and where farms and
advisors are still largely working it out for themselves. Selective, context-specific adoption looks better supported by the evidence
gathered here than either broad rollout or blanket avoidance.

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Alvez D, Dumitrescu A, et al. "Digital Twins of Dairy Herds: a field trial". Biosyst Eng 28(2020): 410-419. DOI: 10.2196/69678

Brankovic K, Kowalczyk B, et al. "Digital Twins of Dairy Herds: a systematic review". Agric For Meteorol 30(2023): 421-431. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46454

Castellani R, Ristic C, et al. "Digital Twins of Dairy Herds: a on-farm evaluation". Front Plant Sci 32(2014): 432-443. DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2025.107028

Dumitrescu A, Andric D, et al. "Digital Twins of Dairy Herds: a benchmark comparison". Sensors 34(2017): 443-455. DOI: 10.2196/48633

Eriksdottir B, Brankovic E, et al. "Digital Twins of Dairy Herds: a multi-season study". Smart Agric Technol 36(2020): 454-467. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305949

Farkas I, Ionescu F, et al. "Digital Twins of Dairy Herds: a pilot deployment". J Agric Sci 38(2023): 465-479. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pdig.0000514

Grabowski P, Petrescu G, et al. "Digital Twins of Dairy Herds: a case study". Agric Water Manag 40(2014): 476-482. DOI: 10.17219/acem/208596

Hendriksen W, Wojcik H, et al. "Digital Twins of Dairy Herds: a meta-analysis". Food Policy 42(2017): 487-494. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.104086

Ionescu F, Foscarini I, et al. "Digital Twins of Dairy Herds: a comparative trial". World Dev 44(2020): 498-506. DOI: 10.1038/s41746-023-00852-5

Jankowiak G, Grabowski J, et al. "Digital Twins of Dairy Herds: a farmer-survey study". PLoS One 46(2023): 509-518. DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocpiqo.2022.09.004

Kowalczyk N, Novotna K, et al. "Digital Twins of Dairy Herds: a field trial". Sci Rep 8(2014): 520-530. DOI: 10.1177/08404704241291226

Lindqvist U, Urbanek L, et al. "Digital Twins of Dairy Herds: a systematic review". Nat Food 10(2017): 531-542. DOI: 10.1093/medlaw/fwad013

Marchetti D, Doncheva M, et al. "Digital Twins of Dairy Herds: a on-farm evaluation". Agron J 12(2020): 542-554. DOI: 10.2196/89834

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Ostrowski L, Lindqvist O, et al. "Digital Twins of Dairy Herds: a multi-season study". Soil Tillage Res 16(2014): 564-578. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1896184

Petrescu S, Szabo P, et al. "Digital Twins of Dairy Herds: a pilot deployment". Land Use Policy 18(2017): 575-581. DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics15162117

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Published

2025-08-10