A RETROSPECTIVE THREE YEARS OBSERVATIONAL STUDY OF CLINICAL AND ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC OUTCOME OF PATIENTS WITH SEVERE LEFT VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION UNDERGOING AORTIC VALUE REPLACEMENT

Abstract

When combined with significant left ventricular (LV) dysfunction, enlarged LV diameters, and low transvalvular gradients, aortic valve replacement (AVR) for either aortic stenosis (AS) or aortic regurgitation (AR) carries a substantial risk of adverse events and poor long-term survival. In individuals with an EF of less than 20%, LV systolic dysfunction is associated with a threefold increased risk of death. However, in adults, the 12-month survival rate is approximately 20% to 50%, making the clinical prognosis significantly worse in the absence of surgical intervention. Assessing the mid-term results of AVR in cases of severe AS, AR, and mixed lesions with significantly compromised left ventricular function was the aim of this study. Pre-formatted templates were used to gather the data, and the data fields were defined in accordance with the American Society of Echocardiography and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons. For the categorical variables, the Chi-square test or Fisher exact test was used to compare preoperative features. For group comparison, all continuous variables were subjected to the Independent t-test or Mann Whitney U test, as applicable.
Patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction benefit greatly from aortic valve replacement, which also lowers left ventricular dimensions and mass, LV mass index, and posterior wallthickness without raising early or midterm mortality or morbidity. Therefore, a significant decrease in EF shouldn't be interpreted as a reason why AVR isn't appropriate.