Containment Failures in Contained-Use Plant Research: A Case Study of Root Barrier Breach and Response

Abstract

There is real interest in containment failures in contained-use plant research right now, and real uncertainty about exactly where
it delivers the most value. We pull together the current evidence for containment failures in contained-use plant research, covering
the methodological, practical, regulatory and cost angles, with an eye on where practice has genuinely settled and where
researchers and regulators are still largely working it out for themselves. Selective, context-specific adoption looks better
supported by the evidence gathered here than either broad rollout or blanket avoidance.