Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: A Technical Note on Confounding

Authors

  • Aldobrando Cividini Department of Biometrics, Chianti Centre for Plant Genome Engineering, Greve, Italy Author
  • Algimantas Bieliauskas Department of Plant Breeding, Dainava Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Druskininkai, Lithuania Author
  • Jokull-Ari Hordurson Department of Agronomy, Rangarvellir Centre for Plant Genome Engineering, Hella, Iceland Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22666794

Keywords:

Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines; Agricultural biotechnology; Gene editing; Evidence synthesis; Biosafety regulation

Abstract

There is real interest in biometric design for multi-environment trials of edited lines right now, and real uncertainty about exactly
where it delivers the most value. We pull together the current evidence for biometric design for multi-environment trials of edited
lines, covering the methodological, practical, regulatory and cost angles, with an eye on where practice has genuinely settled and
where researchers and regulators are still largely working it out for themselves. Selective, context-specific adoption looks better
supported by the evidence gathered here than either broad rollout or blanket avoidance

References

Alvez D, Dumitrescu A, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a field trial". Plant Biotechnol J 8(2014): 80-86. DOI: 10.2196/69678

Brankovic K, Kowalczyk B, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a systematic review". Theor Appl Genet 10(2017): 91-98. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46454

Castellani R, Ristic C, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a confined-trial evaluation". Front Plant Sci 12(2020): 102-110. DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2025.107028

Dumitrescu A, Andric D, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a benchmark comparison". Transgenic Res 14(2023): 113-122. DOI: 10.2196/48633

Eriksdottir B, Brankovic E, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a multi-generation study". GM Crops Food 16(2014): 124-134. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305949

Farkas I, Ionescu F, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a pilot deployment". Plant Cell Rep 18(2017): 135-146. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pdig.0000514

Grabowski P, Petrescu G, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a case study". Mol Plant 20(2020): 146-158. DOI: 10.17219/acem/208596

Hendriksen W, Wojcik H, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a meta-analysis". J Exp Bot 22(2023): 157-170. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.104086

Ionescu F, Foscarini I, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a comparative trial". Crop Sci 24(2014): 168-182. DOI: 10.1038/s41746-023-00852-5

Jankowiak G, Grabowski J, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a stakeholder-survey study". Agron J 26(2017): 179-185. DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocpiqo.2022.09.004

Kowalczyk N, Novotna K, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a field trial". Plant Physiol 28(2020): 190-197. DOI: 10.1177/08404704241291226

Lindqvist U, Urbanek L, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a systematic review". New Phytol 30(2023): 201-209. DOI: 10.1093/medlaw/fwad013

Marchetti D, Doncheva M, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a confined-trial evaluation". Nat Biotechnol 32(2014): 212-221. DOI: 10.2196/89834

Novotna E, Eriksdottir N, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a benchmark comparison". Sci Rep 34(2017): 223-233. DOI: 10.1007/s10916-024-02104-9

Ostrowski L, Lindqvist O, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a multi-generation study". PLoS One 36(2020): 234-245. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1896184

Petrescu S, Szabo P, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a pilot deployment". BMC Plant Biol 38(2023): 245-257. DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics15162117

Quintero B, Balogh Q, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a case study". Biotechnol Adv 40(2014): 256-269. DOI: 10.4103/jrpp.jrpp_20_65

Ristic C, Castellani R, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a meta-analysis". Plant Mol Biol 42(2017): 267-281. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1763884

Szabo J, Jankowiak S, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a comparative trial". Field Crops Res 44(2020): 278-284. DOI: 10.2196/48297

Tarasov Q, Quintero T, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a stakeholder-survey study". Euphytica 46(2023): 289-296. DOI: 10.1007/s00330-025-12031-z

Urbanek Z, Zielinski U, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a field trial". Front Genome Ed 8(2014): 300-308. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1699005

Vasquez A, Alvez V, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a systematic review". CRISPR J 10(2017): 311-320. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1834800

Wojcik H, Hendriksen W, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a confined-trial evaluation". Plant Cell 12(2020): 322-332. DOI: 10.2196/69678

Zielinski O, Ostrowski Z, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a benchmark comparison". Trends Biotechnol 14(2023): 333-344. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46454

Andric V, Vasquez A, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a multi-generation study". Plant Biotechnol J 16(2014): 344-356. DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2025.107028

Balogh E, Emmerich B, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a pilot deployment". Theor Appl Genet 18(2017): 355-368. DOI: 10.2196/48633

Chiriac F, Farkas C, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a case study". Front Plant Sci 20(2020): 366-380. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305949

Doncheva M, Marchetti D, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a meta-analysis". Transgenic Res 22(2023): 377-383. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pdig.0000514

Emmerich T, Tarasov E, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a comparative trial". GM Crops Food 24(2014): 388-395. DOI: 10.17219/acem/208596

Foscarini C, Chiriac F, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a stakeholder-survey study". Plant Cell Rep 26(2017): 399-407. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.104086

Alvez D, Dumitrescu A, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a field trial". Mol Plant 28(2020): 410-419. DOI: 10.1038/s41746-023-00852-5

Brankovic K, Kowalczyk B, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a systematic review". J Exp Bot 30(2023): 421-431. DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocpiqo.2022.09.004

Castellani R, Ristic C, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a confined-trial evaluation". Crop Sci 32(2014): 432-443. DOI: 10.1177/08404704241291226

Dumitrescu A, Andric D, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a benchmark comparison". Agron J 34(2017): 443-455. DOI: 10.1093/medlaw/fwad013

Eriksdottir B, Brankovic E, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a multi-generation study". Plant Physiol 36(2020): 454-467. DOI: 10.2196/89834

Farkas I, Ionescu F, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a pilot deployment". New Phytol 38(2023): 465-479. DOI: 10.1007/s10916-024-02104-9

Grabowski P, Petrescu G, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a case study". Nat Biotechnol 40(2014): 476-482. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1896184

Hendriksen W, Wojcik H, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a meta-analysis". Sci Rep 42(2017): 487-494. DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics15162117

Ionescu F, Foscarini I, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a comparative trial". PLoS One 44(2020): 498-506. DOI: 10.4103/jrpp.jrpp_20_65

Jankowiak G, Grabowski J, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a stakeholder-survey study". BMC Plant Biol 46(2023): 509-518. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1763884

Kowalczyk N, Novotna K, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a field trial". Biotechnol Adv 8(2014): 520-530. DOI: 10.2196/48297

Lindqvist U, Urbanek L, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a systematic review". Plant Mol Biol 10(2017): 531-542. DOI: 10.1007/s00330-025-12031-z

Marchetti D, Doncheva M, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a confined-trial evaluation". Field Crops Res 12(2020): 542-554. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1699005

Novotna E, Eriksdottir N, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a benchmark comparison". Euphytica 14(2023): 553-566. DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2026.1834800

Ostrowski L, Lindqvist O, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a multi-generation study". Front Genome Ed 16(2014): 564-578. DOI: 10.2196/69678

Petrescu S, Szabo P, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a pilot deployment". CRISPR J 18(2017): 575-581. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46454

Quintero B, Balogh Q, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a case study". Plant Cell 20(2020): 586-593. DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2025.107028

Ristic C, Castellani R, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a meta-analysis". Trends Biotechnol 22(2023): 597-605. DOI: 10.2196/48633

Szabo J, Jankowiak S, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a comparative trial". Plant Biotechnol J 24(2014): 608-617. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305949

Tarasov Q, Quintero T, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a stakeholder-survey study". Theor Appl Genet 26(2017): 619-629. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pdig.0000514

Urbanek Z, Zielinski U, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a field trial". Front Plant Sci 28(2020): 630-641. DOI: 10.17219/acem/208596

Vasquez A, Alvez V, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a systematic review". Transgenic Res 30(2023): 641-653. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.104086

Wojcik H, Hendriksen W, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a confined-trial evaluation". GM Crops Food 32(2014): 652-665. DOI: 10.1038/s41746-023-00852-5

Zielinski O, Ostrowski Z, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a benchmark comparison". Plant Cell Rep 34(2017): 663-677. DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocpiqo.2022.09.004

Andric V, Vasquez A, et al. "Biometric Design for Multi-Environment Trials of Edited Lines: a multi-generation study". Mol Plant 36(2020): 674-680. DOI: 10.1177/08404704241291226

Downloads

Published

2026-06-14